Treatment: Mostly supportive care Ribavirin – only in select patients (complicated congenital heart disease, chronic lung disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, immunocompromised patients) Beta-agonists or race epinephrine – not usually used Corticosteroids, hypertonic saline or antibiotics are also not usually used. Prophylaxis: Palivizumab: 15 mg/kg/dose; prophylaxis is not recommended if > 29 weeks gestation (risk factors not considered) Neonates […]
Pediatrics
Meningitis
Signs and Symptoms: Brudzinski sign and Kernig Sign Fever, altered mental status, neck, stiffness, seizures, neurological deficits Treatment: <1-month-old – ampicillin (listeria coverage) and cefotaxime or gentCommon pathogens: Group B Strep, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Listeria monocytogenes 1-23 months old – vancomycin and ceftriaxone or cefotaximeCommon pathogens: S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, H. influenzae 18-50 years – vancomycin […]
ADHD
Stimulants: Try amphetamine or methylphenidate before giving up on stimulants Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors or antidepressants if stimulants don’t work Atomoxetine, clonidine and guanfacine are also choices.***this one needs some flushing out***
Otitis Media
Analgesia: APAP, NSAIDS, rarely opioids. Avoid ASA in kids. Antihistamines and decongestants are not usually recommended. Antibiotics only if: Bulging tympanic membrane, perforation or otorrhea Delay unless fever or otalgia > 48-72 hours in kids > 2 years. Not usually for otitis media with effusion, only if greater than 3 months Not for the persistence of […]