Menopause is the cessation of menstrual periods for 1 year. The average age for menopause is 52. Estrogen: Estrogen relieves genitourinary atrophy, vasomotor instability, reduces hip and vertebral fractures, relieves hot flashes which decreases insomnia and fatigue, stabilizes mood changes, improves sexual function. Risks: cancer, especially when unopposed, CHD, bloating, headache, breast tenderness, increased blood clotting Women […]
Women's Health
Osteoporosis
All women over 65 and men over 70 should have bone mineral density (BMD) testing. If fractures or risks, test sooner. Initiate therapy if: Hip or spine fracture and BMD T-score -2.5 or below at hip, spine or femoral neck T-score is between -1.0 and -2.5 at femoral neck or spine and the 10-year probability of […]
Contraception and Fertility
Contraception: Management of adverse effects: Bleeding: if early in the cycle, you need higher estrogen component. If late bleeding, you need more progesterone. Nausea: Usually related to estrogen, take at night with food Acne: Usually related to progestin Severe effects: Abdominal pain Chest pain Headaches: could be a stroke or blood clot Eye problems, blurred […]